Use of cemented material as pavement base or sub-base

 Abstract: Various ingredients materials and various mix design procedures for cemented/stabilized layer in the pavement structure has been reviewed and two types of mixes are considered in the present study viz,

• FLWSRE mix (fly-ash + lime + water + sodium chloride + Recron 3S fibers + emulsion) and
• SCW mix (soil + cement + water).

The optimal proportion of the ingredients of the mix is obtained as, 33 % water, 11 % lime, 0.30 % 12 mm Recron 3S c fibers, 1 % sodium chloride, and 1.3 % bitumen (i.e. 2 % emulsion) for FLWSRE mix by performing UCS test and it is 6 % cement and 14 % water for SCW mix. CBR test is performed to check the suitability of the mix as a pavement material, and result of soaked and unsoaked CBR test indicates that the proposed proportion of the ingredients can be used as pavement base and sub-base layer.

The elastic modulus and fatigue life of the SCW mix is evaluated by performing fatigue test on the SCW mix. Fatigue curve is developed for SCW mix and attempt has been made to explain cemented pavement design procedure with an example. From fatigue life Vs strain plot, design of bituminous pavement with cemented base is performed and compared with conventional design of bituminous pavement with granular base. It has been observed that the life of former is more than that of later configuration. Hence bituminous pavement with cemented base is economical than bituminous pavement with granular base 

Acknowledgements

It is my great pleasure to acknowledge those whose active help and support make this thesis possible in the present form. First of all I express my sincerest gratitude to my thesis supervisor Dr. Animesh Das, who introduced me to the fascinating field of Pavement Engineering. It is his endless guidance and constant encouragement,  which ultimately made this thesis submission possible today. I find it really very difficult to express my deep feeling of appreciation about him only in these few sentences. I shall remain indebted to him.
 

I am also thankful to Prof. Partha Chakroborty and Prof. P.K. Basudhar for giving me insight into the field of Transportation Engineering and Geotechnical Engineering respectively. I am thankful to Transportation Engineering laboratory staff Mr. A. Pugazhenthi and Mr. Manoj Kumar for their help during the experimental setup and testing. Thanks to Reliance Industries Limited for providing Recron 3S fibers, free of cost. I am thankful to Dr. Amit Prashant, Prof. in-Charge, Geotechnical Engineering laboratory for allowing me to conduct the UCS test and CBR test in Geotechnical Engineering laboratory. A very special thanks to Mr. Sant Kumar for his sincere work, without witch I could not have completed my experiments in time. Thanks to my friends Abhishek, Anil, Amit, Ashok, Pushan, Pramod, Ravi, Priyanka, Rami and Teja for their support and co-operation.

Last, but not least, I wish to express my gratitude towards my parents- Shivaji and Rohini, my grandparents- Rangnath and Sitabai, my uncle Raosaheb and aunty Radhika who sacrificed a lot to give me a good education.

-Pravin Kolhe

Conclusion

1. The optimal proportion of the ingredients of FLWSRE mix is obtained as, 33 % water, 11 % lime, 0.30 % 12 mm fibers, 1 % sodium chloride, and 1.3 % bitumen which gives maximum UCS of the order of 390 kPa.
2. The optimum proportions of ingredients of SCW mix is obtained as 6 % cement content and 14 % water content which gives the maximum UCS of order of 1.388 MPa.
3. The unsoaked and soaked CBR of FLWSRE mix is obtained 23.26 % and 18.96 % respectively.
4. The unsoaked and soaked CBR of SCW mix is obtained 86.16 % and 73.31 % respectively.
5. From UCS, CBR and fatigue test results on SCW mix, following relationship can be developed for elastic modulus. E = 0.928 × CBR and E = 57.64 × UCS
6. From fatigue tests on SCW mix, elastic modulus of mix is obtained. From fatigue life Vs strain plot, design of bituminous pavement with cemented base is performed and compared with conventional design of bituminous pavement with granular base. It has been observed that the life of former is more than that of later configuration. Hence bituminous pavement with cemented base is economical than bituminous pavement with granular base.

Future scope

This section gives some of the works that can be taken as further study

1. Various combinations of the materials, like recycled aggregates, poor quality aggregates etc. can be tried and the mix which gives maximum fatigue life can be obtained.

2. Most economical combination of the layer thickness and material properties can be obtained by performing economical analysis.

3. Durability test can be performed to ensure about the performance of stabilized layer.

4. Rutting equation can be developed for bituminous pavement with cemented base.

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